Can money market funds lose money?
A money market fund is a type of investment account that invests in funds that may gain and lose value, meaning you could lose part of your initial investment.
It's technically possible to lose money in a market account, but not in the same way you can lose money in an investment account. Depending on the terms of your money market account, you could lose value to fees and inflation.
First and foremost, money market accounts are typically safe because they're insured by the federal government. If you open a money market account at a federally insured bank, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) insures up to $250,000 of your cash per bank, per depositor.
Money market accounts are considered safe, low-risk investments. They earn interest and allow for easy access to your money. Your balance is also FDIC-insured, so it's unlikely that you'll lose money. However, fees and interest rate changes could deplete your returns.
Money market funds seek stability and security with the goal of never losing money and keeping net asset value (NAV) at $1. This one-buck NAV baseline gives rise to the phrase "break the buck," meaning that if the value falls below the $1 NAV level, some of the original investment is gone and investors will lose money.
There is no direct way to lose money in a money market account. However, it is possible to lose money indirectly. For example, if the interest rate you receive on your account balance can no longer keep up with any penalty fees you may be assessed, the value of the account can fall below the initial deposit.
Many accounts have monthly fees
Another drawback to remember is that while they have high yields, money market accounts can also come with cumbersome fees. Many banks and credit unions will impose monthly fees just for the upkeep of your account.
Money Market Funds
Ultra-conservative investors and unsophisticated investors often stash their cash in money market funds. While these funds provide a high degree of safety, they should only be used for short-term investment. There's no need to avoid equity funds when the economy is slowing.
Key takeaways
Disadvantages of money market accounts may include hefty minimum balance requirements and monthly fees — and you might be able to find better yields with other deposit accounts.
Since you earn more interest for higher balances, money market accounts can be a good place to keep funds for a fairly long period of time, such as more than a year.
Can Vanguard money market lose money?
Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund: You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so.
Typically, when a brokerage firm fails, the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) arranges the transfer of the failed brokerage's accounts to a different securities brokerage firm. If the SIPC is unable to arrange the accounts' transfer, the failed firm is liquidated.
Money market funds usually hold securities like U.S. Treasury bonds, corporate bonds and other short-term, low-risk investments to achieve conservative gains instead of aggressive growth.
Money market funds can protect your assets during a recession, but only as a temporary fix and not for long-term growth. In times of economic uncertainty, money market funds offer liquidity for cash reserves that can help you build your portfolio.
Both CDs and money market accounts are safe investments. They typically include FDIC insurance and don't involve the purchase of securities that may fluctuate in value. The only situation in which your investment could be at risk is if the financial institution at which you open the account declares bankruptcy.
Some disadvantages are low returns, a loss of purchasing power, and the lack of FDIC insurance. A money market fund can be ideal in some situations and potentially unwise in others. If you're close to or in retirement and need some of your money soon, a money market fund can make sense.
So, your money is never really stuck. However, MMAs sometimes charge small penalties if your balance drops below a certain amount or you make more withdrawals than agreed. So, you may withdraw your funds at any time, but some withdrawals can lower your money's earning potential.
You could lose money by investing in a money market fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
Standard CDs are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) for up to $250,000, so they cannot lose money. However, some CDs that are not FDIC-insured may carry greater risk, and there may be risks that come from rising inflation or interest rates.
Money market accounts tend to pay you higher interest rates than other types of savings accounts. On the other hand, money market accounts usually limit the number of transactions you can make by check, debit card, or electronic transfer.
How much money should you keep in a money market account?
Some money market accounts come with minimum account balances to be able to earn the higher rate of interest. Six to 12 months of living expenses are typically recommended for the amount of money that should be kept in cash in these types of accounts for unforeseen emergencies and life events.
Money market accounts (MMAs) and certificates of deposit (CDs) are types of federally insured savings accounts that earn interest. But their rates and ease of access differ. CDs tend to have higher rates than money market accounts and give no access to your money until a term ends.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid assets with minimal risk, such as Treasury bills, money market funds and certificates of deposit. Money market funds and high-yield savings are also places to salt away cash in a downturn.
How much should a money market investor be concerned with that risk? Smith: Since their introduction in 1971, money market funds have broken the buck just two times. The first was in 1994, when a fund was liquidated at 96 cents per share because of large losses in derivatives.
Recessions are periods of widespread economic downturn. Cash, large-cap stocks and gold can be good investments during a recession. Stocks that tend to fluctuate with the economy and cryptocurrencies can be unstable during a recession.
